中華人民共和國2022年國民經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展統(tǒng)計(jì)公報(bào)[1]
Statistical Communiqué of the People’s Republic of China on the 2022 National Economic and Social Development [1]
國家統(tǒng)計(jì)局
National Bureau of Statistics of China
2023年2月28日
February 28, 2023
2022年是黨和國家歷史上極為重要的一年。黨的二十大勝利召開，擘畫了全面建設(shè)社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化國家、以中國式現(xiàn)代化全面推進(jìn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興的宏偉藍(lán)圖。面對(duì)風(fēng)高浪急的國際環(huán)境和艱巨繁重的國內(nèi)改革發(fā)展穩(wěn)定任務(wù)，在以習(xí)近平同志為核心的黨中央堅(jiān)強(qiáng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，各地區(qū)各部門堅(jiān)持以習(xí)近平新時(shí)代中國特色社會(huì)主義思想為指導(dǎo)，按照黨中央、國務(wù)院決策部署，統(tǒng)籌國內(nèi)國際兩個(gè)大局，統(tǒng)籌疫情防控和經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展，統(tǒng)籌發(fā)展和安全，堅(jiān)持穩(wěn)中求進(jìn)工作總基調(diào)，完整、準(zhǔn)確、全面貫徹新發(fā)展理念，加快構(gòu)建新發(fā)展格局，著力推動(dòng)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展，加大宏觀調(diào)控力度，應(yīng)對(duì)超預(yù)期因素沖擊，經(jīng)濟(jì)保持增長，發(fā)展質(zhì)量穩(wěn)步提升，創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)深入推進(jìn)，改革開放蹄疾步穩(wěn)，就業(yè)物價(jià)總體平穩(wěn)，糧食安全、能源安全和人民生活得到有效保障，經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)大局保持穩(wěn)定，全面建設(shè)社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化國家新征程邁出堅(jiān)實(shí)步伐。
The year 2022 is a year of great importance in the history of the Communist Party of China (CPC) and the People’s Republic of China. The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China was successfully held, outlining a grand blueprint for building a modern socialist country in all respects and advancing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation on all fronts through a Chinese path to modernization. Confronted with challenges of high wind and choppy waters in the global environment as well as arduous tasks to advance reform, promote development and maintain stability at home, under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, all regions and departments took Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era as the guideline, fully implemented the decisions and arrangements made by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, considered both domestic and external situations in a coordinative way, coordinated the work of Covid-19 prevention and control with economic and social development, and ensured both development and security. All regions and departments adhered to the general working guideline of making progress while maintaining stability, applied the new development philosophy in full, in the right way and in all fields of endeavor, accelerated efforts to create a new pattern of development, strove to promote high-quality development, and intensified efforts on macro control. The economy withstood impacts from factors beyond expectation, sustained growth and made steady improvement in development quality. Innovation-driven development was further promoted, and reform and opening-up was pursued at swift and steady pace. The employment and prices were generally stable, and the food and energy security as well as people’s livelihood was effectively safeguarded. The overall economic and social stability were achieved and solid strides were taken on a new journey to build a modern socialist country in all respects.
一、綜合
I. General Outlook
初步核算，全年國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值[2]1210207億元，比上年增長3.0%。其中，第一產(chǎn)業(yè)增加值88345億元，比上年增長4.1%；第二產(chǎn)業(yè)增加值483164億元，增長3.8%；第三產(chǎn)業(yè)增加值638698億元，增長2.3%。第一產(chǎn)業(yè)增加值占國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值比重為7.3%，第二產(chǎn)業(yè)增加值比重為39.9%，第三產(chǎn)業(yè)增加值比重為52.8%。全年最終消費(fèi)支出拉動(dòng)國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值增長1.0個(gè)百分點(diǎn)，資本形成總額拉動(dòng)國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值增長1.5個(gè)百分點(diǎn)，貨物和服務(wù)凈出口拉動(dòng)國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值增長0.5個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。全年人均國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值85698元，比上年增長3.0%。國民總收入[3]1197215億元，比上年增長2.8%。全員勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率[4]為152977元/人，比上年提高4.2%。
According to preliminary estimation, the gross domestic product (GDP) [2] in 2022 was 121,020.7 billion yuan, up by 3.0 percent over the previous year. Of this total, the value added of the primary industry was 8,834.5 billion yuan, up by 4.1 percent over the previous year, that of the secondary industry was 48,316.4 billion yuan, up by 3.8 percent and that of the tertiary industry was 63,869.8 billion yuan, up by 2.3 percent. The value added of the primary industry accounted for 7.3 percent of the GDP; that of the secondary industry accounted for 39.9 percent; and that of the tertiary industry accounted for 52.8 percent. The contribution of the final consumption expenditure to GDP growth rate was up by 1.0 percentage point, that of the gross capital formation to GDP growth rate up by 1.5 percentage points and that of the net exports of goods and services to GDP growth rate up by 0.5 percentage points. The per capita GDP in 2022 was 85,698 yuan, up by 3.0 percent over the previous year. The gross national income [3] in 2022 was 119,721.5 billion yuan, up by 2.8 percent over the previous year. The overall labor productivity [4] was 152,977 yuan per person, up by 4.2 percent over the previous year.
Figure 1: Gross Domestic Product and Growth Rates 2018-2022
Figure 2: Shares of the Three Industries’ Value Added in GDP 2018-2022
Figure 3: The Overall Labor Productivity 2018-2022[5]
年末全國人口[6]141175萬人，比上年末減少85萬人，其中城鎮(zhèn)常住人口92071萬人。全年出生人口956萬人，出生率為6.77‰；死亡人口1041萬人，死亡率為7.37‰；自然增長率為-0.60‰。
By the end of 2022, the total number of national population [6] reached 1,411.75 million, a decrease of 0.85 million over that at the end of 2021. Of this total, urban permanent residents numbered 920.71 million. There were 9.56 million births in 2022 with a crude birth rate of 6.77 per thousand; and there were 10.41 million deaths with a crude death rate of 7.37 per thousand. The natural growth rate was -0.60 per thousand.
Table 1: Population and Its Composition by the End of 2022
年末全國就業(yè)人員73351萬人，其中城鎮(zhèn)就業(yè)人員45931萬人，占全國就業(yè)人員比重為62.6%。全年城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)1206萬人，比上年少增63萬人。全年全國城鎮(zhèn)調(diào)查失業(yè)率平均值為5.6%。年末全國城鎮(zhèn)調(diào)查失業(yè)率為5.5%。全國農(nóng)民工[8]總量29562萬人，比上年增長1.1%。其中，外出農(nóng)民工17190萬人，增長0.1%；本地農(nóng)民工12372萬人，增長2.4%。
At the end of 2022, the number of employed people in China was 733.51 million, and that in urban areas was 459.31 million, accounting for 62.6 percent of the total employed people. The newly increased employed people in urban areas numbered 12.06 million in 2022, 0.63 million less than that of the previous year. The surveyed urban unemployment rate in 2022 averaged 5.6 percent. The surveyed urban unemployment rate at the year end was 5.5 percent. The total number of migrant workers [8] was 295.62 million, up by 1.1 percent over that of 2021. Specifically, the number of migrant workers who left their hometowns and worked in other places was 171.90 million, up by 0.1 percent, and those who worked in their own localities reached 123.72 million, up by 2.4 percent.
Figure 4: Newly Increased Employed People in Urban Areas 2018-2022
全年居民消費(fèi)價(jià)格比上年上漲2.0%。工業(yè)生產(chǎn)者出廠價(jià)格上漲4.1%。工業(yè)生產(chǎn)者購進(jìn)價(jià)格上漲6.1%。農(nóng)產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)者價(jià)格[9]上漲0.4%。12月份，70個(gè)大中城市中，新建商品住宅銷售價(jià)格同比上漲的城市個(gè)數(shù)為16個(gè)，持平的為1個(gè)，下降的為53個(gè)；二手住宅銷售價(jià)格同比上漲的城市個(gè)數(shù)為6個(gè)，下降的為64個(gè)。
The consumer prices in 2022 went up by 2.0 percent over the previous year. The producer prices for industrial products went up by 4.1 percent and the purchasing prices for industrial producers up by 6.1 percent. The producer prices for farm products [9] grew up by 0.4 percent. In December, out of the 70 large and medium-sized cities, 16 cities experienced a year-on-year rise in sales prices of new commercial residential buildings, one city maintained the same and 53 cities experienced a decline; 6 cities experienced a year-on-year rise in sales prices of second-hand housing, and 64 cities experienced a decline.
Figure 5: Monthly Changes of Consumer Prices in 2022
Table 2: Changes of Consumer Prices in 2022
年末國家外匯儲(chǔ)備31277億美元，比上年末減少1225億美元。全年人民幣平均匯率為1美元兌6.7261元人民幣，比上年貶值4.1%。
At the end of 2022, China’s foreign exchange reserves reached 3,127.7 billion US dollars, a decrease of 122.5 billion US dollars compared with that at the end of 2021. The average exchange rate of the year was 6.7261 RMB to 1 USD dollar, depreciated by 4.1 percent over that of 2021.
Figure 6: Year-end China’s Foreign Exchange Reserves 2018-2022
新產(chǎn)業(yè)新業(yè)態(tài)新模式較快成長。全年規(guī)模以上工業(yè)中，高技術(shù)制造業(yè)[11]增加值比上年增長7.4%，占規(guī)模以上工業(yè)增加值的比重為15.5%；裝備制造業(yè)[12]增加值增長5.6%，占規(guī)模以上工業(yè)增加值的比重為31.8%。全年規(guī)模以上服務(wù)業(yè)[13]中，戰(zhàn)略性新興服務(wù)業(yè)[14]企業(yè)營業(yè)收入比上年增長4.8%。全年高技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)投資[15]比上年增長18.9%。全年新能源汽車產(chǎn)量700.3萬輛，比上年增長90.5%；太陽能電池（光伏電池）產(chǎn)量3.4億千瓦，增長46.8%。全年電子商務(wù)交易額[16]438299億元，按可比口徑計(jì)算，比上年增長3.5%。全年網(wǎng)上零售額[17]137853億元，按可比口徑計(jì)算，比上年增長4.0%。全年新登記市場主體2908萬戶，日均新登記企業(yè)2.4萬戶，年末市場主體總數(shù)近1.7億戶。
New industries, new forms and models of business grew fast. Among the industries above the designated size, the value added of the high technology manufacturing industry [11] increased by 7.4 percent over the previous year, accounting for 15.5 percent of that of all industrial enterprises above the designated size. The value added for the manufacture of equipment [12] was up by 5.6 percent, accounting for 31.8 percent of that of all industrial enterprises above the designated size. Among the service enterprises above the designated size [13], the business revenue of the strategic emerging service industries [14] went up by 4.8 percent compared with the previous year. In 2022, the investment in high technology industries [15] increased by 18.9 percent over the previous year. In 2022, the output of new energy vehicles reached 7.003 million, up by 90.5 percent over the previous year; and that of solar cells (photovoltaic cells) was 0.34 billion kilowatts, up by 46.8 percent. In 2022, the e-commerce transactions [16] reached 43,829.9 billion yuan, up by 3.5 percent over the previous year on comparable basis. The online retail sales [17] in 2022 reached 13,785.3 billion yuan, up by 4.0 percent over the previous year on comparable basis. In 2022, the number of newly registered market entities was 29.08 million with 0.024 million market entities newly registered per day on average. By the end of 2022, the number of market entities reached nearly 0.17 billion in total.
城鄉(xiāng)區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)。年末全國常住人口城鎮(zhèn)化率為65.22%，比上年末提高0.50個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。分區(qū)域看[18]，全年東部地區(qū)生產(chǎn)總值622018億元，比上年增長2.5%；中部地區(qū)生產(chǎn)總值266513億元，增長4.0%；西部地區(qū)生產(chǎn)總值256985億元，增長3.2%；東北地區(qū)生產(chǎn)總值57946億元，增長1.3%。全年京津冀地區(qū)生產(chǎn)總值100293億元，比上年增長2.0%；長江經(jīng)濟(jì)帶地區(qū)生產(chǎn)總值559766億元，增長3.0%；長江三角洲地區(qū)生產(chǎn)總值290289億元，增長2.5%?；浉郯拇鬄硡^(qū)建設(shè)、黃河流域生態(tài)保護(hù)和高質(zhì)量發(fā)展等區(qū)域重大戰(zhàn)略扎實(shí)推進(jìn)。
Steady progress was made in the coordinated development across urban and rural areas and different regions. By the end of 2022, the urbanization rate of permanent residents reached 65.22 percent, 0.50 percentage points higher than that at the end of 2021. By region [18], in 2022, the gross domestic product in the eastern areas was 62,201.8 billion yuan, an increase of 2.5 percent over the previous year; the central areas, 26,651.3 billion yuan, up by 4.0 percent; the western areas, 25,698.5 billion yuan, up by 3.2 percent; and the northeastern areas, 5,794.6 billion yuan, up by 1.3 percent. In 2022, the gross domestic product in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region reached 10,029.3 billion yuan, up by 2.0 percent over the previous year; that in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, 55,976.6 billion yuan, up by 3.0 percent; and that in the Yangtze River Delta, 29,028.9 billion yuan, up by 2.5 percent. Major regional strategies such as the construction of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Areas, the ecological protection of the Yellow River Basin, and the high-quality development were further implemented.
Figure 7: Year-end Urbanization Rates of Permanent Residents 2018-2022
綠色轉(zhuǎn)型發(fā)展邁出新步伐。全年全國萬元國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值能耗[19]比上年下降0.1%。全年水電、核電、風(fēng)電、太陽能發(fā)電等清潔能源發(fā)電量29599億千瓦時(shí)，比上年增長8.5%。在監(jiān)測的339個(gè)地級(jí)及以上城市中，全年空氣質(zhì)量達(dá)標(biāo)的城市占62.8%，未達(dá)標(biāo)的城市占37.2%；細(xì)顆粒物（PM2.5）年平均濃度29微克/立方米，比上年下降3.3%。3641個(gè)國家地表水考核斷面中，全年水質(zhì)優(yōu)良（Ⅰ～Ⅲ類）斷面比例為87.9%，Ⅳ類斷面比例為9.7%，Ⅴ類斷面比例為1.7%，劣Ⅴ類斷面比例為0.7%。
New strides were made in green transformation. The national energy consumption per 10,000 yuan worth of GDP [19] in 2022 dropped by 0.1 percent over the previous year. In 2022, the electricity generated by clean energy such as hydropower, nuclear power, wind power and solar power was 2,959.9 billion kilowatts-hours, up by 8.5 percent over the previous year. Of the monitored 339 cities at prefecture level and above, 62.8 percent reached the air quality standard and 37.2 percent failed. The annual average concentration of particulate matter (PM2.5) was 29 micrograms per cubic meter, down by 3.3 percent over the previous year. Of the 3,641 sections under the national monitoring program for surface water, 87.9 percent were of fairly clean water quality (Grade I to III), 9.7 percent were Grade IV, 1.7 percent were Grade V and 0.7 percent were worse than Grade V national standard.
二、農(nóng)業(yè)
II. Agriculture
全年糧食種植面積11833萬公頃，比上年增加70萬公頃。其中，稻谷種植面積2945萬公頃，減少47萬公頃；小麥種植面積2352萬公頃，減少5萬公頃；玉米種植面積4307萬公頃，減少25萬公頃；大豆種植面積1024萬公頃，增加183萬公頃。棉花種植面積300萬公頃，減少3萬公頃。油料種植面積1314萬公頃，增加4萬公頃。糖料種植面積147萬公頃，增加1萬公頃。
In 2022, the sown area of grain was 118.33 million hectares, an increase of 0.70 million hectares compared with that in 2021. Of this total, the sown area of rice was 29.45 million hectares, a decrease of 0.47 million hectares; the sown area of wheat was 23.52 million hectares, a decrease of 0.05 million hectares; the sown area of corn was 43.07 million hectares, a decrease of 0.25 million hectares; the sown area of soybean was 10.24 million hectares, an increase of 1.83 million hectares. The sown area of cotton was 3.00 million hectares, a decrease of 0.03 million hectares. The sown area of oil-bearing crops was 13.14 million hectares, an increase of 0.04 million hectares; the sown area of sugar crops was 1.47 million hectares, an increase of 0.01 million hectares.
全年糧食產(chǎn)量68653萬噸，比上年增加368萬噸，增產(chǎn)0.5%。其中，夏糧產(chǎn)量14740萬噸，增產(chǎn)1.0%；早稻產(chǎn)量2812萬噸，增產(chǎn)0.4%；秋糧產(chǎn)量51100萬噸，增產(chǎn)0.4%。全年谷物產(chǎn)量63324萬噸，比上年增產(chǎn)0.1%。其中，稻谷產(chǎn)量20849萬噸，減產(chǎn)2.0%；小麥產(chǎn)量13772萬噸，增產(chǎn)0.6%；玉米產(chǎn)量27720萬噸，增產(chǎn)1.7%。大豆產(chǎn)量2028萬噸，增產(chǎn)23.7%。
The total output of grain in 2022 was 686.53 million tons, an increase of 3.68 million tons over the previous year, up by 0.5 percent. Of this total, the output of summer crops was 147.40 million tons, up by 1.0 percent, and that of the early rice was 28.12 million tons, up by 0.4 percent. The output of autumn grain was 511.00 million tons, up by 0.4 percent. The output of cereal in 2022 was 633.24 million tons, up by 0.1 percent over 2021, among which the output of rice was 208.49 million tons, down by 2.0 percent; that of wheat was 137.72 million tons, up by 0.6 percent; and that of corn was 277.20 million tons, up by 1.7 percent. The output of soybean was 20.28 million tons, up by 23.7 percent.
Figure 8: Output of Grain 2018-2022
全年棉花產(chǎn)量598萬噸，比上年增產(chǎn)4.3%。油料產(chǎn)量3653萬噸，增產(chǎn)1.1%。糖料產(chǎn)量11444萬噸，減產(chǎn)0.1%。茶葉產(chǎn)量335萬噸，增產(chǎn)5.7%。
In 2022, the output of cotton was 5.98 million tons, up by 4.3 percent over the previous year, that of oil-bearing crops was 36.53 million tons, up by 1.1 percent, that of sugar crops was 114.44 million tons, down by 0.1 percent, and that of tea was 3.35 million tons, up by 5.7 percent.
全年豬牛羊禽肉產(chǎn)量9227萬噸，比上年增長3.8%。其中，豬肉產(chǎn)量5541萬噸，增長4.6%；牛肉產(chǎn)量718萬噸，增長3.0%；羊肉產(chǎn)量525萬噸，增長2.0%；禽肉產(chǎn)量2443萬噸，增長2.6%。禽蛋產(chǎn)量3456萬噸，增長1.4%。牛奶產(chǎn)量3932萬噸，增長6.8%。年末生豬存欄45256萬頭，比上年末增長0.7%；全年生豬出欄69995萬頭，比上年增長4.3%。
The total output of pork, beef, mutton and poultry in 2022 was 92.27 million tons, up by 3.8 percent over the previous year. Of this total, the output of pork was 55.41 million tons, up by 4.6 percent; that of beef was 7.18 million tons, up by 3.0 percent; that of mutton was 5.25 million tons, up by 2.0 percent; and that of poultry was 24.43 million tons, up by 2.6 percent. The total output of eggs was 34.56 million tons, up by 1.4 percent. The output of milk was 39.32 million tons, up by 6.8 percent. At the end of the year, 452.56 million pigs were registered in the total stocks, up by 0.7 percent compared with that at the end of 2021, and 699.95 million pigs were slaughtered, up by 4.3 percent over the previous year.
全年水產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)量6869萬噸，比上年增長2.7%。其中，養(yǎng)殖水產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)量5568萬噸，增長3.2%；捕撈水產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)量1301萬噸，增長0.4%。
The total output of aquatic products in 2022 was 68.69 million tons, up by 2.7 percent over the previous year. Of this total, the output of cultured aquatic products was 55.68 million tons, up by 3.2 percent; and that of fished aquatic products was 13.01 million tons, up by 0.4 percent.
全年木材產(chǎn)量10693萬立方米，比上年下降7.7%。
The total production of timber in 2022 reached 106.93 million cubic meters, down by 7.7 percent over the previous year.
全年新增耕地灌溉面積78萬公頃，新增高效節(jié)水灌溉面積161萬公頃。
In 2022, the number of farmland newly equipped with irrigation systems was 0.78 million and 1.61 million hectares of farmland was newly equipped with water-saving irrigation systems.
三、工業(yè)和建筑業(yè)
III. Industry and Construction
全年全部工業(yè)增加值401644億元，比上年增長3.4%。規(guī)模以上工業(yè)增加值增長3.6%。在規(guī)模以上工業(yè)中，分經(jīng)濟(jì)類型看，國有控股企業(yè)增加值增長3.3%；股份制企業(yè)增長4.8%，外商及港澳臺(tái)商投資企業(yè)下降1.0%；私營企業(yè)增長2.9%。分門類看，采礦業(yè)增長7.3%，制造業(yè)增長3.0%，電力、熱力、燃?xì)饧八a(chǎn)和供應(yīng)業(yè)增長5.0%。
In 2022, the total value added of the industrial sector was 40,164.4 billion yuan, up by 3.4 percent over the previous year. The value added of industrial enterprises above the designated size increased by 3.6 percent. Of the industrial enterprises above the designated size, in terms of ownership, the value added of the state-holding enterprises was up by 3.3 percent, that of the share-holding enterprises up by 4.8 percent, that of the enterprises funded by foreign investors and investors from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan down by 1.0 percent and that of private enterprises up by 2.9 percent. In terms of sectors, the value added of the mining industry was up by 7.3 percent, that of manufacturing up by 3.0 percent and that of production and supply of electricity, heat power, gas and water up by 5.0 percent.
Figure 9: Value Added and Growth Rates of Industrial Enterprises 2018-2022
全年規(guī)模以上工業(yè)中，農(nóng)副食品加工業(yè)增加值比上年增長0.7%，紡織業(yè)下降2.7%，化學(xué)原料和化學(xué)制品制造業(yè)增長6.6%，非金屬礦物制品業(yè)下降1.5%，黑色金屬冶煉和壓延加工業(yè)增長1.2%，通用設(shè)備制造業(yè)下降1.2%，專用設(shè)備制造業(yè)增長3.6%，汽車制造業(yè)增長6.3%，電氣機(jī)械和器材制造業(yè)增長11.9%，計(jì)算機(jī)、通信和其他電子設(shè)備制造業(yè)增長7.6%，電力、熱力生產(chǎn)和供應(yīng)業(yè)增長5.1%。
In 2022, of the industrial enterprises above the designated size, the value added for processing of food from agricultural and sideline products was up by 0.7 percent over the previous year; for textile industry down by 2.7 percent; for manufacture of raw chemical materials and chemical products up by 6.6 percent; for manufacture of non-metallic mineral products down by 1.5 percent; for smelting and pressing of ferrous metals up by 1.2 percent; for manufacture of general purpose machinery down by 1.2 percent; for manufacture of special purpose machinery up by 3.6 percent; for manufacture of automobiles up by 6.3 percent; for manufacture of electrical machinery and apparatus up by 11.9 percent; for manufacture of computers, communication equipment and other electronic equipment up by 7.6 percent; for production and supply of electricity and heat power up by 5.1 percent.
Table 3: Output of Major Industrial Products and Growth Rates in 2022[20]
年末全國發(fā)電裝機(jī)容量256405萬千瓦，比上年末增長7.8%。其中[23]，火電裝機(jī)容量133239萬千瓦，增長2.7%；水電裝機(jī)容量41350萬千瓦，增長5.8%；核電裝機(jī)容量5553萬千瓦，增長4.3%；并網(wǎng)風(fēng)電裝機(jī)容量36544萬千瓦，增長11.2%；并網(wǎng)太陽能發(fā)電裝機(jī)容量39261萬千瓦，增長28.1%。
By the end of 2022, the installed power generation capacity was 2,564.05 million kilowatts, up by 7.8 percent over that at the end of 2021, among which [23] the installed thermal power generation capacity was 1,332.39 million kilowatts, up by 2.7 percent; the installed hydropower generation capacity was 413.50 million kilowatts, up by 5.8 percent; the installed nuclear power generation capacity was 55.53 million kilowatts, up by 4.3 percent. The installed grid-connected wind power generation capacity was 365.44 million kilowatts, up by 11.2 percent and the installed grid-connected solar power generation capacity was 392.61 million kilowatts, up by 28.1 percent.
全年規(guī)模以上工業(yè)企業(yè)利潤84039億元，比上年下降[24]4.0%。分經(jīng)濟(jì)類型看，國有控股企業(yè)利潤23792億元，比上年增長3.0%；股份制企業(yè)61611億元，下降2.7%，外商及港澳臺(tái)商投資企業(yè)20040億元，下降9.5%；私營企業(yè)26638億元，下降7.2%。分門類看，采礦業(yè)利潤15574億元，比上年增長48.6%；制造業(yè)64150億元，下降13.4%；電力、熱力、燃?xì)饧八a(chǎn)和供應(yīng)業(yè)4315億元，增長41.8%。全年規(guī)模以上工業(yè)企業(yè)每百元營業(yè)收入中的成本為84.72元，比上年增加0.91元；營業(yè)收入利潤率為6.09%，下降0.64個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。年末規(guī)模以上工業(yè)企業(yè)資產(chǎn)負(fù)債率為56.6%，比上年末上升0.3個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。全年全國工業(yè)產(chǎn)能利用率[25]為75.6%。
In 2022, the profits made by industrial enterprises above the designated size were 8,403.9 billion yuan, down by 4.0 percent over the previous year [24]. By ownership, the profits of state-holding enterprises were 2,379.2 billion yuan, up by 3.0 percent over the previous year; those of share-holding enterprises were 6,161.1 billion yuan, down by 2.7 percent; those of enterprises funded by foreign investors or investors from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan were 2,004.0 billion yuan, down by 9.5 percent; and those of private enterprises were 2,663.8 billion yuan, down by 7.2 percent. In terms of different sectors, the profits of mining were 1,557.4 billion yuan, up by 48.6 percent over the previous year; those of manufacturing were 6,415.0 billion yuan, down by 13.4 percent; and those of the production and supply of electricity, heat power, gas and water were 431.5 billion yuan, up by 41.8 percent. In 2022, the cost for per-hundred-yuan business revenue of the industrial enterprises above the designated size was 84.72 yuan, or 0.91 yuan more than that of 2021; the profit rate of the business revenue was 6.09 percent, down by 0.64 percentage points. By the end of 2022, the asset-liability ratio of industrial enterprises above the designated size was 56.6 percent, 0.3 percentage points higher than that at the end of 2021. The national industrial capacity utilization rate [25] was 75.6 percent in 2022.
全年建筑業(yè)增加值83383億元，比上年增長5.5%。全國具有資質(zhì)等級(jí)的總承包和專業(yè)承包建筑業(yè)企業(yè)利潤8369億元，比上年下降1.2%，其中國有控股企業(yè)3922億元，增長8.4%。
In 2022, the value added of construction enterprises in China was 8,338.3 billion yuan, up by 5.5 percent over the previous year. The profits made by construction enterprises qualified for general contracts and specialized contracts reached 836.9 billion yuan, down by 1.2 percent over the previous year, of which the profits made by state-holding enterprises were 392.2 billion yuan, up by 8.4 percent.
Figure 10: Value Added and Growth Rates of Construction Industry 2018-2022
四、服務(wù)業(yè)
IV. Service Sector
全年批發(fā)和零售業(yè)增加值114518億元，比上年增長0.9%；交通運(yùn)輸、倉儲(chǔ)和郵政業(yè)增加值49674億元，下降0.8%；住宿和餐飲業(yè)增加值17855億元，下降2.3%；金融業(yè)增加值96811億元，增長5.6%；房地產(chǎn)業(yè)增加值73821億元，下降5.1%；信息傳輸、軟件和信息技術(shù)服務(wù)業(yè)增加值47934億元，增長9.1%；租賃和商務(wù)服務(wù)業(yè)增加值39153億元，增長3.4%。全年規(guī)模以上服務(wù)業(yè)企業(yè)營業(yè)收入比上年增長2.7%，利潤總額增長8.5%。
In 2022, the value added of the wholesale and retail trades was 11,451.8 billion yuan, up by 0.9 percent over the previous year; that of transport, storage and post was 4,967.4 billion yuan, down by 0.8 percent; that of hotels and catering services was 1,785.5 billion yuan, down by 2.3 percent; that of financial intermediation was 9,681.1 billion yuan, up by 5.6 percent; that of real estate was 7,382.1 billion yuan, down by 5.1 percent; that of information transmission, software and information technology services was 4,793.4 billion yuan, up by 9.1 percent; and that of leasing and business services was 3,915.3 billion yuan, up by 3.4 percent. In 2022, the business revenue of service enterprises above the designated size grew by 2.7 percent over the previous year, and the total profit increased by 8.5 percent.
Figure 11: Value Added and Growth Rates of Service Sector 2018-2022
全年貨物運(yùn)輸總量[26]506億噸，貨物運(yùn)輸周轉(zhuǎn)量226122億噸公里。全年港口完成貨物吞吐量157億噸，比上年增長0.9%，其中外貿(mào)貨物吞吐量46億噸，下降1.9%。港口集裝箱吞吐量29587萬標(biāo)準(zhǔn)箱，增長4.7%。
The total freight traffic [26] in 2022 reached 50.6 billion tons. The freight flows were 22,612.2 billion ton-kilometers. The volume of freight handled by ports throughout the year totaled 15.7 billion tons, up by 0.9 percent over the previous year, of which the freight for foreign trade was 4.6 billion tons, down by 1.9 percent. Container shipping of ports reached 295.87 million standard containers, up by 4.7 percent.
Table 4: Freight Traffic by All Means of Transportation and Growth Rates in 2022
全年旅客運(yùn)輸總量56億人次，比上年下降32.7%。旅客運(yùn)輸周轉(zhuǎn)量12921億人公里，下降34.6%。
In 2022, the total passenger traffic was 5.6 billion person-times, down by 32.7 percent over 2021, and the passenger flows were 1,292.1 billion person-kilometers, down by 34.6 percent.
Table 5: Passenger Traffic by All Means of Transportation and Growth Rates in 2022
年末全國民用汽車保有量31903萬輛（包括三輪汽車和低速貨車719萬輛），比上年末增加1752萬輛，其中私人汽車保有量27873萬輛，增加1627萬輛。民用轎車保有量17740萬輛，增加1003萬輛，其中私人轎車保有量16685萬輛，增加954萬輛。
The total number of motor vehicles for civilian use reached 319.03 million (including 7.19 million tri-wheel motor vehicles and low-speed trucks) by the end of 2022, up by 17.52 million over that at the end of 2021, of which the privately-owned vehicles numbered 278.73 million, an increase of 16.27 million. The total number of cars for civilian use was 177.40 million, an increase of 10.03 million, of which the privately-owned cars numbered 166.85 million, an increase of 9.54 million.
全年完成郵政行業(yè)業(yè)務(wù)總量[27]14317億元，比上年增長4.5%。郵政業(yè)全年完成郵政函件業(yè)務(wù)9.4億件，包裹業(yè)務(wù)0.2億件，快遞業(yè)務(wù)量1105.8億件，快遞業(yè)務(wù)收入10567億元。全年完成電信業(yè)務(wù)總量[28]17498億元，比上年增長21.3%。年末移動(dòng)電話基站數(shù)[29]1083萬個(gè)，其中4G基站603萬個(gè)，5G基站231萬個(gè)。全國電話用戶總數(shù)186286萬戶，其中移動(dòng)電話用戶168344萬戶。移動(dòng)電話普及率為119.2部/百人。固定互聯(lián)網(wǎng)寬帶接入用戶[30]58965萬戶，比上年末增加5386萬戶，其中100M速率及以上的寬帶接入用戶[31]55380萬戶，增加5513萬戶。蜂窩物聯(lián)網(wǎng)終端用戶[32]18.45億戶，增加4.47億戶?；ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)上網(wǎng)人數(shù)10.67億人，其中手機(jī)上網(wǎng)人數(shù)[33]10.65億人。互聯(lián)網(wǎng)普及率為75.6%，其中農(nóng)村地區(qū)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)普及率為61.9%。全年移動(dòng)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)用戶接入流量2618億GB，比上年增長18.1%。全年軟件和信息技術(shù)服務(wù)業(yè)[34]完成軟件業(yè)務(wù)收入108126億元，按可比口徑計(jì)算，比上年增長11.2%。
The turnover of post services [27] totaled 1,431.7 billion yuan, up by 4.5 percent over the previous year. In 2022, the number of mail delivery was 0.94 billion; that of parcel delivery was 0.02 billion; and that of express delivery was 110.58 billion with a revenue reaching 1,056.7 billion yuan. The turnover of telecommunication services [28] totaled 1,749.8 billion yuan, up by 21.3 percent over the previous year. By the end of 2022, there were 10.83 million mobile phone base stations [29], among which the number of 4G base stations reached 6.03 million and that of 5G base stations was 2.31 million. There were 1,862.86 million phone subscribers in China, of whom 1,683.44 million were mobile phone subscribers. The mobile phone coverage was 119.2 sets per 100 persons. The number of fixed broadband internet users [30] reached 589.65 million, an increase of 53.86 million over that at the end of the previous year. Of this total, users of broadband with the speed of 100M and above [31] amounted to 553.80 million, an increase of 55.13 million. Users of cellular internet of things terminals [32] totaled 1.845 billion, an increase of 0.447 billion. The number of internet users was 1.067 billion, 1.065 billion of which were mobile internet surfers [33] The coverage of internet was 75.6 percent, and 61.9 percent in rural areas. The mobile internet traffic in 2022 was 261.8 billion gigabytes, up by 18.1 percent over the previous year. Software revenue of software and information technology services industry [34] in 2022 was 10,812.6 billion yuan, up by 11.2 percent over 2021 on a comparable basis.
Figure 12: Express Delivery and Growth Rates 2018-2022
Figure 13: Year-end Number of Fixed Broadband Internet Users 2018-2022
五、國內(nèi)貿(mào)易
V. Domestic Trade
全年社會(huì)消費(fèi)品零售總額439733億元，比上年下降0.2%。按經(jīng)營地統(tǒng)計(jì)，城鎮(zhèn)消費(fèi)品零售額380448億元，下降0.3%；鄉(xiāng)村消費(fèi)品零售額59285億元，與上年基本持平。按消費(fèi)類型統(tǒng)計(jì)，商品零售額395792億元，增長0.5%；餐飲收入額43941億元，下降6.3%。
In 2022, the total retail sales of consumer goods reached 43,973.3 billion yuan, down by 0.2 percent over the previous year. An analysis on different areas showed that the retail sales of consumer goods in urban areas stood at 38,044.8 billion yuan, down by 0.3 percent, and that in rural areas reached 5,928.5 billion yuan, maintaining the same level as the previous year. Grouped by consumption patterns, the retail sales of commodities were 39,579.2 billion yuan, up by 0.5 percent, and the income of catering industry was 4,394.1 billion yuan, down by 6.3 percent.
Figure 14: Total Retail Sales of Consumer Goods and Growth Rates 2018-2022
全年限額以上單位商品零售額中，糧油、食品類零售額比上年增長8.7%，飲料類增長5.3%，煙酒類增長2.3%，服裝、鞋帽、針紡織品類下降6.5%，化妝品類下降4.5%，金銀珠寶類下降1.1%，日用品類下降0.7%，家用電器和音像器材類下降3.9%，中西藥品類增長12.4%，文化辦公用品類增長4.4%，家具類下降7.5%，通訊器材類下降3.4%，石油及制品類增長9.7%，汽車類增長0.7%，建筑及裝潢材料類下降6.2%。
Of the total retail sales of commodities by enterprises above the designated size, the retail sales for grain, oil and food went up by 8.7 percent over the previous year; beverage up by 5.3 percent; tobacco and liquor up by 2.3 percent; clothes, shoes, hats and textiles down by 6.5 percent; cosmetics down by 4.5 percent; gold, silver and jewelry down by 1.1 percent; daily necessities down by 0.7 percent; household appliances and audio-video equipment down by 3.9 percent; traditional Chinese and western medicines up by 12.4 percent; cultural and office appliances up by 4.4 percent; furniture down by 7.5 percent; telecommunication equipment down by 3.4 percent; petroleum and petroleum products up by 9.7 percent; motor vehicles up by 0.7 percent; and building and decoration materials down by 6.2 percent.
全年實(shí)物商品網(wǎng)上零售額119642億元，按可比口徑計(jì)算，比上年增長6.2%，占社會(huì)消費(fèi)品零售總額的比重為27.2%。
In 2022, the online retail sales of physical goods were 11,964.2 billion yuan, up by 6.2 percent over the previous year on a comparable basis, accounting for 27.2 percent of the total retail sales of consumer goods.
六、固定資產(chǎn)投資
VI. Investment in Fixed Assets
全年全社會(huì)固定資產(chǎn)投資579556億元，比上年增長4.9%。固定資產(chǎn)投資（不含農(nóng)戶）572138億元，增長5.1%。在固定資產(chǎn)投資（不含農(nóng)戶）中，分區(qū)域看[35]，東部地區(qū)投資增長3.6%，中部地區(qū)投資增長8.9%，西部地區(qū)投資增長4.7%，東北地區(qū)投資增長1.2%。
The total investment in fixed assets of the country in 2022 was 57,955.6 billion yuan, up by 4.9 percent over the previous year. The investment in fixed assets (excluding rural households) was 57,213.8 billion yuan, up by 5.1 percent. Of the investment in fixed assets (excluding rural households), by regions [35], the investment in eastern areas was up by 3.6 percent, central areas up by 8.9 percent, western areas up by 4.7 percent, and northeastern areas up by 1.2 percent.
在固定資產(chǎn)投資（不含農(nóng)戶）中，第一產(chǎn)業(yè)投資14293億元，比上年增長0.2%；第二產(chǎn)業(yè)投資184004億元，增長10.3%；第三產(chǎn)業(yè)投資373842億元，增長3.0%。民間固定資產(chǎn)投資[36]310145億元，增長0.9%。基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施投資[37]增長9.4%。社會(huì)領(lǐng)域投資[38]增長10.9%。
Of the investment in fixed assets (excluding rural households), the investment in the primary industry was 1,429.3 billion yuan, up by 0.2 percent over the previous year; that in the secondary industry was 18,400.4 billion yuan, up by 10.3 percent; and that in the tertiary industry was 37,384.2 billion yuan, up by 3.0 percent. The private investment in fixed assets [36] was 31,014.5 billion yuan, up by 0.9 percent. The investment in infrastructure [37] increased by 9.4 percent. The investment in social sector [38] increased by 10.9 percent.
Figure 15: Shares of Investment in Fixed Assets (Excluding Rural Households) of the Three Industries in 2022
Table 6: Growth Rates of Investment in Fixed Assets (Excluding Rural Households) by Sectors in 2022
Table 7: Newly Increased Production and Operation Capacity through Fixed Assets Investment in 2022
全年房地產(chǎn)開發(fā)投資132895億元，比上年下降10.0%。其中住宅投資100646億元，下降9.5%；辦公樓投資5291億元，下降11.4%；商業(yè)營業(yè)用房投資10647億元，下降14.4%。年末商品房待售面積56366萬平方米，比上年末增加5343萬平方米，其中商品住宅待售面積26947萬平方米，增加4186萬平方米。
In 2022, the investment in real estate development was 13,289.5 billion yuan, down by 10.0 percent over the previous year. Of this total, the investment in residential buildings reached 10,064.6 billion yuan, a decrease of 9.5 percent, that in office buildings was 529.1 billion yuan, down by 11.4 percent, and that in buildings for commercial business was 1,064.7 billion yuan, down by 14.4 percent. The floor space of the commercial buildings for sale was 563.66 million square meters at the end of 2022, an increase of 53.43 million square meters over that at the end of 2021. The floor space of the commercial residential buildings for sale was 269.47 million square meters, an increase of 41.86 million square meters.
全年全國各類棚戶區(qū)改造開工134萬套，基本建成181萬套；全國保障性租賃住房開工建設(shè)和籌集265萬套（間）。全年全國新開工改造城鎮(zhèn)老舊小區(qū)5.25萬個(gè)，涉及居民876萬戶。
In 2022, 1.34 million housing units were started to be rebuilt in rundown urban areas nationwide and 1.81 million were basically completed. There were 2.65 million units of government-subsidized rental housing that were started to be built or made available. Renovation began on 52,500 old urban residential communities, benefiting 8.76 million households.
