UN chief calls for action to put out ‘5-alarm global fire’
聯(lián)合國秘書長呼吁采取行動(dòng) 撲滅“5級(jí)全球緊急火災(zāi)”
At a time when “the only certainty is more uncertainty”, countries must unite to forge a new, more hopeful and equal path, UN Secretary-General António Guterres told the General Assembly on Friday,laying out his priorities for 2022.
聯(lián)合國秘書長古特雷斯周五在聯(lián)合國大會(huì)上表示，在“唯一可以確定的是會(huì)有更多的不確定性”的時(shí)刻，各國必須團(tuán)結(jié)起來，打造一條新的、更有希望和平等的道路。他在講話中闡述了2022年的工作優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)。
forge [f??d?] v. 打造；偽造
lay out 清晰表述；擺放；展示
“We face a five-alarm global fire that requires the full mobilization of all countries,” he said, referring to the raging COVID-19 pandemic, a morally bankrupt global financial system, the climate crisis, lawlessness in cyberspace, and diminished peace and security.
他說：“我們面臨著一場五級(jí)警報(bào)的全球火災(zāi)，需要所有國家的全力動(dòng)員?！彼硎?，這五級(jí)警報(bào)包括：肆虐的新冠疫情、道德淪喪的全球金融體系、氣候緊急情況、網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間的無法治狀態(tài)以及和平與安全受到削弱。
mobilization [?m??b?la??ze??n] n. 動(dòng)員
Alarm 1: The COVID-19 battle
警報(bào)一: 新冠戰(zhàn)役
Stopping coronavirus spread must be at the top of the agenda everywhere, said Mr. Guterres, calling for countries to “go into emergency mode in the COVID-19 battle.”
古特雷斯說，阻止新冠病毒傳播必須是所有地方的首要議程。他呼吁各國“在新冠戰(zhàn)役中進(jìn)入緊急狀態(tài)?！?/span>
At the same time, the virus cannot be used as “cover” to undermine human rights, curtail civil space and freedoms, or impose disproportionate restrictions. “Our actions must be grounded in science and common sense,” he said. “The science is clear: Vaccines work. Vaccines save lives.”
與此同時(shí)，病毒不能被用作破壞人權(quán)、限制公民空間和自由或?qū)嵤┻^度限制的“幌子”。他說：“我們的行動(dòng)必須基于科學(xué)和常識(shí)?？茖W(xué)清楚地表明: 疫苗有效，疫苗可以拯救生命。”
curtail [k???te?l] v. 限制；縮減
Yet, vaccine inequity persists despite a global strategy toinoculate 40 per cent of all people by the end of last year, and 70 per cent by the middle of this year.
然而，盡管全球戰(zhàn)略規(guī)定在去年年底前為40%的人接種疫苗，在今年年中前為70%的人接種疫苗，但疫苗不平等現(xiàn)象依然存在。
inoculate [??n?kjule?t] v. 接種疫苗
Furthermore, although 1.5 billion doses are produced each month, distribution is “scandalously unequal,” he said. “Instead of the virus spreading like wildfire, we need vaccines to spread like wildfire,” Mr. Guterres stated, urging all countries and manufacturers to prioritize supply to the COVAX solidarity initiative.
古特雷斯說，盡管每月生產(chǎn)15億劑疫苗，但分配卻是“令人憤慨地不平等”。他表示，“我們需要的不是像野火一樣蔓延的病毒，而是要讓疫苗像野火一樣迅速擴(kuò)散和分發(fā)。”他敦促所有國家和制造商優(yōu)先向“新冠疫苗全球獲取機(jī)制”團(tuán)結(jié)倡議供應(yīng)疫苗。
scandalously [?sk?nd?l?sli] adv. 令人憤慨地，過分地
He also underscored the need to combat the “plague” of vaccine misinformation, and to improve preparedness for future pandemics, including through strengthening the authority of the World Health Organization (WHO).
他還強(qiáng)調(diào)需要打擊疫苗錯(cuò)誤信息這一“瘟疫”，并加強(qiáng)對未來大流行病的準(zhǔn)備，包括通過加強(qiáng)世界衛(wèi)生組織的權(quán)威。
underscore [?nd??sk??] v. 強(qiáng)調(diào)；突出顯示；在…下面劃線
Alarm 2: Reform global finance
警報(bào)二: 改革全球金融
The pandemic has also highlighted the failure of the global financial system, on which Mr. Guterres was particularly blunt. “Let’s tell it like it is: the global financial system is morally bankrupt. It favours the rich and punishes the poor.”
古特雷斯直言不諱地說，疫情還凸顯了全球金融體系的失敗。他說：“讓我們實(shí)話實(shí)說: 全球金融體系道德淪喪。它偏袒富人，懲罰窮人?！?/span>
blunt [bl?nt] adj. 直言不諱的；鈍的，不鋒利的
The system is supposed to ensure stability by supporting economies through financial shocks, such as the pandemic, but he said lopsided investment is leading to lopsided recovery from the crisis.
他說，金融體系本應(yīng)通過金融證券支持經(jīng)濟(jì)來確保穩(wěn)定，但不平衡的投資導(dǎo)致了不平衡的疫情復(fù)蘇。
lopsided [?l?p?sa?d?d] adj. 不平衡的，高低不平的
“The divergence between developed and developing countries is becoming systemic – a recipe for instability, crisis and forced migration. These imbalances are not a bug, but a feature of the global financial system,” he said.
古特雷斯表示：“發(fā)達(dá)國家和發(fā)展中國家之間的分歧正在呈現(xiàn)出系統(tǒng)性的特點(diǎn)——這是導(dǎo)致不穩(wěn)定、危機(jī)和被迫移民的因素。這些失衡不是一個(gè)小的設(shè)計(jì)問題，而是全球金融體系的一個(gè)特征。”
divergence [da??v??d??ns] n. 分歧，差異
recipe [?res?pi] n. 原因；秘訣，方法；食譜
Since the onset of the pandemic, the Secretary-General has called for reform of the global financial system to better support developing countries. The measures he has recommended include redirecting Special Drawing Rights - a type of foreign reserve asset - to countries that need help now, a fairer global tax system, and addressingillicit financial flows.
自新冠疫情暴發(fā)以來，古特雷斯秘書長一直呼吁改革全球金融體系，以更好地支持發(fā)展中國家。他建議的措施包括將特別提款權(quán)(外匯儲(chǔ)備資產(chǎn))重新分配給現(xiàn)在需要幫助的國家，建立更公平的全球稅收體系，以及解決非法資金流動(dòng)問 g題。
illicit [??l?s?t] adj. 非法的，不正當(dāng)?shù)?/span>
Alarm 3: The climate emergency
警報(bào)三: 氣候緊急情況
For the Secretary-General, countries have no choice than to go into “emergency mode” against the climate crisis.
他表示，各國別無選擇，只能進(jìn)入應(yīng)對氣候危機(jī)的“應(yīng)急模式”。
The world is far off-track on limiting global temperature rise to 1.5 degrees above pre-industrial levels, as outlined in the Paris Agreement on climate change. Global emissions must be reduced by 45 per cent by the end of the decade to reach carbon neutrality by mid-century, which requires “an avalanche of action” in 2022.
他說，正如關(guān)于氣候變化的《巴黎協(xié)定》所概述的那樣，世界在將全球氣溫上升限制在比工業(yè)化前水平高1.5度的問題上大大偏離了軌道。他指出，到本十年結(jié)束時(shí)，全球溫室氣體排放量必須減少45%，才能在本世紀(jì)中葉實(shí)現(xiàn)碳中和，這需要在2022年采取“大批行動(dòng)”。
avalanche [??v?lɑ?n?] n. 雪崩；大量，大批
All developing and developed countries that are major emitters must do more, and much faster, he said, taking into account common but differentiated responsibilities. The UN chief appealed for the creation ofcoalitions that will provide financial and technical support to nations, which include some of the big emitters, that need assistance in transitioning from coal power to renewable energy.
古特雷斯說，考慮到共同但有區(qū)別的責(zé)任，所有屬于主要排放國的發(fā)展中國家和發(fā)達(dá)國家必須做得更多、更快。他呼吁建立聯(lián)盟，向包括一些排放大國在內(nèi)的國家提供財(cái)政和技術(shù)支持，這些國家在從煤電向可再生能源過渡時(shí)需要援助。
differentiated [?d?f??ren?ie?t?d] adj. 有差別的，分化的
coalition [?k????l??(?)n] n. 聯(lián)盟，聯(lián)合體
Alarm four: Technology and cyberspace
警報(bào)四: 技術(shù)和網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間
While technology offers extraordinary possibilities for humanity, Mr. Guterres warned that “growing digital chaos is benefiting the most destructive forces and denying opportunities to ordinary people.”
古特雷斯警告說，雖然技術(shù)為人類提供了非凡的可能性，但“日益加劇的數(shù)字領(lǐng)域混亂正在讓最具破壞性的力量受益，并剝奪普通人的機(jī)會(huì)。”
He spoke of the need to both expand internet access to the nearly three billion people still offline, and to address risks such as data misuse, misinformation and cyber-crime.
他談到，既要將互聯(lián)網(wǎng)接入擴(kuò)大到近30億仍處于離線狀態(tài)的人，又要應(yīng)對數(shù)據(jù)濫用、錯(cuò)誤信息和網(wǎng)絡(luò)犯罪等風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
The UN chief called for strong regulatory frameworks to change the business models of social media companies which “profit from algorithms that prioritize addiction, outrage and anxiety at the cost of public safety”.
他呼吁建立強(qiáng)有力的監(jiān)管框架，以改變社交媒體公司的商業(yè)模式，這些公司“以公共安全為代價(jià)，從優(yōu)先考慮上癮、憤怒和焦慮的算法中獲利”。
algorithm [??lg?r?e?m] n. 算法
He has proposed the establishment of a Global Digital Compact, bringing together governments, the private sector and civil society, to agree on key principles underpinning global digital cooperation.
他提議建立一個(gè)全球數(shù)字契約，將政府、私營部門和民間社會(huì)聚集在一起，就支持全球數(shù)字合作的關(guān)鍵原則達(dá)成一致。
underpin [??nd??p?n] v. 支持，鞏固
Alarm 5: Peace and security
警報(bào)五: 和平與安全
With the world now facing the highest number of violent conflicts since 1945, peace is badly needed.
古特雷斯指出，隨著世界現(xiàn)在面臨自1945年以來最多的暴力沖突，迫切需要和平。
Here again, countries must act in the face of challenges such as the assault on human rights and rule of law; rising populism, racism and extremism; and escalating humanitarian crises, fuelled by climate change.
在這方面，各國必須就諸多挑戰(zhàn)采取行動(dòng)；例如侵犯人權(quán)和破壞法治；民粹主義、種族主義和極端主義抬頭；以及氣候變化推升的人道主義危機(jī)。
populism [?p?pj?l?z?m] n. 民粹主義
extremism [?k?stri?m?z?m] n. 極端主義
Mr. Guterres underlined the UN’s commitment to peace, pledging to spare no effort in mobilizing international action in numerous areas across the globe.
古特雷斯強(qiáng)調(diào)了聯(lián)合國對和平的承諾，表示將不遺余力地在全球多個(gè)領(lǐng)域動(dòng)員開展國際行動(dòng)。
